ورزش و علوم زیست حرکتی

ورزش و علوم زیست حرکتی

مقایسه دو روش تمرین در خانه و تمرین مربی محور بر عملکرد حرکتی مرتبط با سقوط در زنان سالمند غیرفعال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران
2 کارشناس ارشد آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشگاه شفق، تنکابن، ایران
3 کارشناس ارشد آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه و هدف: سقوط و عوارض منتج از آن‌ یکی از جدی ­ترین و شایع ­ترین مشکلات مربوط به فرآیند سالمندی هست که تهدیدی جدی برای سلامت، عملکرد و استقلال سالمندان است. هدف از تحقیق حاضر مقایسه دو روش تمرین در خانه و تمرین مربی محور بر عملکرد حرکتی مرتبط با سقوط در زنان سالمند غیرفعال بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: 45 زن سالمند غیرفعال به­ صورت تصادفی به سه گروه 15 نفری تمرین در خانه (93.15±67.2 سال)، تمرین مربی­ محور (80.89±67.5) و گروه کنترل (63.54±65.6 سال) تقسیم شدند. متغیرهای قدرت عضلانی اندام تحتانی، انعطاف‌پذیری، تعادل ایستا و پویا، چابکی، حداکثر سرعت راه رفتن، 10 متر راه رفتن با مانع و ترس از سقوط در پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون ارزیابی شد. دو گروه تجربی تمرینات ورزشی را با هدف افزایش تعادل آزمودنی‌ها به مدت 10 هفته انجام دادند. تجزیه‌ و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های تی زوجی و آنووا در سطح معناداری 00.05≥ P انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحقیق در پیش ­آزمون نشان داد اختلاف معنی­ داری بین متغیرهای تحقیق بین سه گروه وجود ندارد (0.05<P). نتایج در پس‌آزمون نشان داد هم تمرین در خانه و هم تمرین مربی محور بر تمام متغیرهای عملکرد حرکتی تأثیر معنی ­داری داشته است (0.05≥P). همچنین اختلاف معناداری در پس‌آزمون شاخص ­های انعطاف­ پذیری، چابکی و تعادل ایستا بین گروه تمرین در خانه و مربی محور وجود داشت به‌طوری‌که این فاکتور­ها در گروه مربی محور نسبت به گروه تمرین در خانه بهتر بود (0.05≥P).
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج زنان سالمند می ­توانند از هر دو برنامه تمرین در خانه و مربی محور برای بهبود عملکرد حرکتی مرتبط با سقوط استفاده کنند. اما در شرایط خاص می ­توان از روش تمرین در خانه به‌عنوان یک روش جایگزین استفاده کرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Comparison of two training methods at home and coach-based on motor function related to falls in inactive elderly women

نویسندگان English

Hossein Shahrokhi 1
Mohammad Fallah Mohamadi 1
Soghra Salehi 2
Abolfazl Tarkhasi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 MSc of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercise, Shafagh Institute of Higher Education, Mazandaran, Iran
3 MSc of Sport Injury and Corrective Exercise, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction and Purpose: One of the complications resulting from it is the most serious and common problems related to the aging process, which is a prelude to the health, performance and independence of the elderly. The purpose of this research was to compare two methods of exercise at home and trainer-oriented exercise on motor performance related to falls in inactive elderly women.
Materials and Methods: 45 inactive elderly women were randomly divided into three groups of 15 people to exercise at home (67.2±15.93 years), coach-oriented training (67.5 ± 80.89 years), and control group (65.6±63.54 years) were divided. The variables of lower limb muscle strength, flexibility, Static and dynamic balance, agility, maximum walking speed, 10-meter hurdle walk and fear of falling were evaluated in the pre-test and post-test. Two experimental groups performed sports exercises with the aim of increasing the subjects' balance for 10 weeks. Data analysis was performed using paired t-tests and ANOVA at a significance level of P≥0.05.
Results: The results of the pre-test showed that there was no significant difference between the research variables between the three groups. The results of the post-test showed that both training at home and trainer-oriented training had a significant effect on all movement performance variables. Also, there was a significant difference in the post-test of flexibility, agility and static balance indicators between the home training group and the trainer-oriented group, so that these factors were better in the trainer-oriented group than the home training group.
Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, elderly women can use both home and coach-based exercise programs to improve movement performance related to falls. But in certain circumstances, you can use the method of training at home as an alternative method.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Home-based Exercise
Coach-based Exercise
motor function
falls
elderly women
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  • تاریخ دریافت 03 اردیبهشت 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 10 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 13 آبان 1402