ورزش و علوم زیست حرکتی

ورزش و علوم زیست حرکتی

مقایسه فرود از ارتفاع 3000 متری به دو شیوه تداومی و تناوبی بر کوفتگی تاخیری عضلانی، شاخص های آسیب عضلانی و شاخص های سیستم ایمنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد بندرعباس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بندرعباس، ایران
2 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه و هدف: نحوه فرود از ارتفاع، یکی از مهمترین سوالاتی است که ذهن کوهنوردان را به خود مشغول کرده است. در این مطالعه به مقایسه فرود از ارتفاع 3000 متری به دو شیوه تداومی و تناوبی بر کوفتگی تاخیری عضلانی، شاخص ­های آسیب عضلانی و سیستم ایمنی پسران نوجوان پرداخته شده است.
مواد و روش­ ها: بدین منظور، 20 پسر نوجوان سالم غیرورزشکار (با میانگین سنی 1.03±16.4 سال و شاخص توده بدنی 2.6±20.06 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع) در دو گروه 10 نفری با شاخص ­های آنتروپومتریکی یکسان، با استفاده از تلکابین به ارتفاع 3000 متری انتقال داده شدند و سپس مسیر پیاده روی به مسافت 14 کیلومتر را به دو گونه تداومی و تناوبی به طرف دامنه کوه اجرا کردند. سلول­ های سیستم ایمنی، هموگلوبین و هماتوکریت خون، شاخص ­های آسیب عضلانی (کراتین کیناز و لاکتات دهیدروژناز) و میزان کوفتگی تاخیری عضلانی قبل، بلافاصله، 24 و 48 ساعت پس از کوه پیمایی مورد اندازه گیری قرار گرفت. از آزمون تحلیل واریانس با اندازه­ های تکراری برای آنالیز آماری استفاده شد. سطح معناداری 0.05>P در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته­ ها: شاخص ­های سیستم ایمنی در بین دو گروه تفاوت معناداری نداشت، اما 24 ساعت پس از فعالیت سلول های سیستم ایمنی نسبت به قبل از فعالیت در گروه تداومی به طور معناداری کاهش یافت. کراتین کیناز و لاکتات دهیدروژناز در بین دو گروه تفاوتی نداشت، این آنزیم­ ها بلافاصله پس از فعالیت در هر دو گروه افزایش پیدا کرد، اما میزان افزایش کراتین کیناز در گروه تداومی بیشتر بود. همچنین میزان کوفتگی عضلانی در گروه تداومی بیشتر از گروه تناوبی بود.
بحث و نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج نشان داد که اگرچه سطوح شاخص­های سیستم ایمنی و آسیب عضلانی در بین دو گروه یکسان بود، اما پایین ­آمدن از ارتفاع بصورت تداومی نسبت به روش تناوبی موجب سرکوب سیستم ­ایمنی و افزایش میزان کوفتگی تاخیری عضلانی در پسران نوجوان کم ­تحرک می ­شود.
 
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Comparing the effect of altitude descending in two continuous and interval manners on delayed onset muscle soreness, muscle injury and immune system indices

نویسندگان English

kamal ranjbar 1
ebrahim zarrinkalam 2
1 Assistant Professor of Sports Physiology, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Sports Physiology, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction and purpose: How to descend from a height is one of the most important questions that occupy the minds of climbers. In this study, we compared downhill running in two continuous and interval manner on delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), muscle damage and immune system indices in adolescent boys.
Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 20 healthy sedentary adolescent boys (16.4±1.03 years and BMI=20.06±2.6 kg/m2) distributed in two identical (anthropometrics and functional) groups and rapidly ascended to 3,000 m altitude by gondola, then  going downhill for a distance of 14 km in two continuous and interval styles. Immunological indices, hemoglobin, hematocrit, muscle injury (Lactate dehydrogenase and Creatine kinase) and DOMS were evaluated before, immediately, 24 and 48 hours later. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to statistical analyses. Significance level was set to less than 0.05
Results: Immunological indices were not different between groups, but, the immune cells at 24 hours after activity decreased compared to pretest in continuous group. Creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were not different between groups. These enzymes increased immediately after downhill running in both groups, but magnitude of changes in creatine kinase was more in continuous group. Also, DOMS in the continuous group was more than interval group.
Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that although the levels of the immune system indices and muscle damage were similar between groups, but, downhill running in a continuous style compared to the interval style causes suppression of the immune system and DOMS elevation in sedentary adolescent boys.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Downhill running
Immune system
Interval activity
continuous activity and adolescent boys
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دوره 14، شماره 28 - شماره پیاپی 28
پاییز و زمستان
اسفند 1401
صفحه 26-34

  • تاریخ دریافت 23 مهر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش 01 آذر 1401