Introduction and Purpose:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder ‎characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and impaired beta cell function. ‎Given the central role of AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) in regulating glucose uptake ‎and insulin sensitivity, its activation is considered an effective strategy for improving glucose ‎and lipid metabolism and reducing insulin resistance. ‎

Materials and Methods:‎‏ ‏In this experimental study, 16 male Wistar rats with ‎streptozotocin induced diabetes were randomly assigned to two groups: diabetic control (CD) ‎and aerobic training (AT). The aerobic training protocol consisted of eight weeks of treadmill ‎running, five sessions per week. Following the intervention, serum insulin levels and muscle ‎AMPK expression were measured using ELISA. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro–‎Wilk test, homogeneity of variances using Levene’s test, and between group differences were ‎analyzed using an independent t test.‎

Results:‎‏ ‏Eight weeks of aerobic training significantly increased body weight (p=0.000) and ‎AMPK levels (p=0.000), while significantly decreasing blood glucose (p=0.000) and insulin ‎concentrations (p=0.002) in the AT group compared to the CD group (p<0.05).‎

Discussion and Conclusion:Aerobic exercise, through reducing insulin levels and enhancing ‎AMPK activity, exerts beneficial effects on body weight regulation and blood glucose reduction ‎in an animal model of type 2 diabetes. These findings suggest that structured aerobic exercise ‎may serve as an effective strategy for managing diabetes related metabolic disturbances‎