مقایسه اثر دو نوع تمرین هوازی اختیاری و اجباری بر سطوح نوروترانسمیترهای گابا و سروتونین در هیپوکامپ رت‌های نر

حقوقی زاده, شیما; شب خیز, فاطمه; کردی, محمدرضا

doi:10.22034/sbs.2024.462710.1108

مقایسه اثر دو نوع تمرین هوازی اختیاری و اجباری بر سطوح نوروترانسمیترهای گابا و سروتونین در هیپوکامپ رت‌های نر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

شیما حقوقی زاده ¹

فاطمه شب خیز ²

محمدرضا کردی ³

¹ دانشجوی دکتری،‌‌‌ گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایـران.

² دانشیار، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

³ استاد، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایـران.

10.22034/sbs.2024.462710.1108

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: در سال‌های اخیر، تأثیر تمرین هوازی بر نوروترانسمیترهای مغز، به‌ویژه گابا و سروتونین، توجه زیادی جلب کرده است. با این حال، تفاوت آثار تمرینات هوازی اختیاری و اجباری بر این نوروترانسمیترها همچنان چالش‌برانگیز است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر دو نوع تمرین هوازی اختیاری (شنا) و اجباری (تردمیل) بر سطح نوروترانسمیترهای گابا و سروتونین در هیپوکامپ رت‌های نر بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: تحقیق حاضر از نوع کاربردی در قالب طرح‌ تجربی اجرا شد. تعداد 24 رت نر نژاد ویستار به‌صورت تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل تقسیم‌بندی شدند. گروه‌های تمرین هوازی، به مدت ۴ هفته، هفته‌ای ۵ جلسه به اجرای تمرینات هوازی اجباری روی تردمیل و تمرینات هوازی اختیاری درون آب پرداختند. 48 ساعت پس از پایان پروتکل تمرینی، حیوانات بیهوش شده و سپس بافت‌برداری انجام شد. سطوح نوروترانسمیترهای گابا و سروتونین با روش وسترن‌بلات اندازه‌گیری شدند. کلیه داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS و از طریق آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش حاضر کاهش معنی‌داری را در سطوح سروتونین بین گروه کنترل و تمرین هوازی اجباری (تردمیل) نشان داد (0.05>P). اما تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطوح سرتونین بین گروه تمرین هوازی اختیاری (شنا) در مقایسه با گروه کنترل مشاهده نشد (0.05<P). به‌علاوه، نتایج نشان داد بین گروه‌های پژوهش در متغیر گابا تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد (0.05<P).
نتیجه‌گیری: اجرای 4 هفته تمرینات هوازی اجباری (تردمیل) علی‌رغم افزایش در سطوح نوروترانسمیتر سروتونین در بافت هیپوکامپ رت‌های نر، تأثیری بر سطوح نوروترانسمیتر گابا ندارد. همچنین، تمرین هوازی اختیاری (شنا) باعث تغییر قابل‌توجهی در سطوح نوروترانسمیترهای سروتونین و گابا در بافت هیپوکامپ رت‌های نر نمی‌شود. در نتیجه می‌توان از تمرینات هوازی اجباری (تردمیل) برای افزایش سطوح نوروترانسمیتر سروتونین در رت‌های نر استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تمرین هوازی اختیاری

تمرین هوازی اجباری

شنا

نوروترانسمیتر

هیپوکامپ

موضوعات

عصب و عضله

عنوان مقاله English

Comparison of the effects of voluntary and forced aerobic exercise training on the levels of GABA and serotonin neurotransmitters in the hippocampus of male rats

نویسندگان English

shima hoghooghizadeh ¹

Fatemeh shabkhiz ²

mohammad reza kordi ³

¹ Ph.D Candidate, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² Associate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

³ Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده English

Introduction and Purpose: In recent years, the effect of aerobic exercise on brain neurotransmitters, particularly GABA and serotonin, has gained significant attention. However, the difference in the effects of voluntary and forced aerobic exercises on these neurotransmitters remains challenging. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of two types of aerobic exercise, voluntary (swimming) and forced (treadmill), on the levels of GABA and serotonin neurotransmitters in the hippocampus of male rats.
Materials and Methods: This applied study was conducted as an experimental design. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The aerobic exercise groups performed forced treadmill running and voluntary swimming exercises for 4 weeks, 5 sessions per week. Forty-eight hours after the last exercise session, the rats were anesthetized, and tissue sampling was performed. The levels of GABA and serotonin neurotransmitters were measured using the western blot method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and one-way ANOVA.
Results: The results showed a significant decrease in serotonin levels between the control group and the forced aerobic exercise group (treadmill) (P<0.04). However, no significant difference was observed in serotonin levels between the voluntary aerobic exercise group (swimming) and the control group (P>0.25). Additionally, no significant differences were found between the research groups regarding GABA levels (P<0.09).
Discussion and Conclusion: Four weeks of forced aerobic exercise (treadmill) led to an increase in serotonin neurotransmitter levels in the hippocampus of male rats but did not affect GABA levels. Moreover, voluntary aerobic exercise (swimming) did not result in significant changes in the levels of GABA and serotonin neurotransmitters in the hippocampus of male rats. Therefore, forced aerobic exercise (treadmill) could be utilized to increase serotonin levels in male rats.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Voluntary aerobic training

Forced aerobic training

Swimming exercise

Neurotransmitter

hippocampus

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