Journal of Sports and Biomotor Sciences

Journal of Sports and Biomotor Sciences

The effect of eight weeks of simultaneous endurance-resistance exercise on the serum levels of BDNF, CRP and IL-6 in type1 diabetic male Wistar rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Mehdi Pahlevani 1
Jabbar Bashiri 2
Roghayeh Poozesh Jadidi 3
Rasoul Hashem Kandi Asadi 4
Masoumeh Dadkhah 5
1 Masoomeh Dadkhah 5 1. Phd Student of Sports Physiology, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran.
2 2. Professor Associate of Sports Physiology, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran.
3 3. Assistant Professor of Sports Physiology, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran.
4 4. Assistant Professor of Sports Physiology, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran.
5 5. Assistant Professor, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
10.22034/sbs.2023.379581.1006
Abstract
Introduction and Purpose: Diabetes leads to defects in BDNF function and disturbances in CRP and IL-6 serum levels. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of simultaneous endurance-resistance exercise on BDNF, CRP, and IL-6 serum levels in type1 diabetic male Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 adults male Wistar rats (250-300 grams and aged six weeks) were randomly divided into three groups including two diabetic groups, diabetic exercise (n=10), diabetic control (n=10) and a non-diabetic group, healthy control (n=10). At the end of the eight-week-old, an amount of 55 mg/kg of body weight of streptozocin (STZ) was injected intraperitoneally, to make diabetic. The diabetic exercise group performed the eight weeks of combined exercises; 5 times per week (endurance exercise with 75% Vo2max on the treadmill and strength training including 15 times climbing the ladder). To measure the serum levels of BDNF, CRP, and IL-6, blood samples were taken. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni test were used to compare between-group and intra-group changes of BDNF, CRP, and IL-6. The significance level was P<0.05.
Results: After eight weeks of endurance-resistance training, BDNF level significantly increased in the diabetic exercise group compared to the diabetic group (P=0.009). Whereas, it significantly decreased in the diabetic control group compared to the healthy control (P=0.0001). CRP levels significantly decreased in the diabetic exercise group compared to the diabetic group (P=0.008). However, it significantly increased the diabetic control group compared to the healthy control (P=0.0001). There was no significant change in IL-6 level (P=0.057).
Discussion and Conclusion: It is recommended that diabetic people perform eight weeks of simultaneous endurance-resistance exercises to increase BDNF levels and reduce inflammation.
Keywords
Combined training
Brain derived neurotrophic factor
C-reactive protein
interleukin-6
Diabetes
Malekyian-Fini E, Kaviani-Nia A, Mahmoudi F. The interactive effect of aerobic training and resveratrol
supplementation on C-reactive protein and metabolic profiles in women with type 2 diabetes. Feyz. 2015; 19(5): 372-81.
[In Persian]
2. Cremona A, OGorman C, Cotter A, Saunders J, Donnelly A. Effect of exercise modality on markers of insulin sensitivity
and blood glucose control in pregnancies complicated with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Obes Sci
Pract. 2018; 4(5): 455-67.
3. Dabagh Nikookheslat S, Sarisarraf V, Salekzamani Y, Abdollahpour Alni M. Effect of 12 weeks resistance training on
neural conduction in type 2 diabetes men with peripheral neuropathy. Urmia Med J. 2017; 28(5): 353-62.
4. Razavi SH, Hosseini SA, Nikbakht M. The effect of continued and interval training with crocin consumption on BDNF
and NGF gene expression in heart tissue of diabetic rats. Feyz. 2019; 23(1): 10-9. [In Persian]
5. Osali A. (2020). Aerobic exercise and nano-curcumin supplementation improve inflammation in elderly females
with metabolic syndrome. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2020; 12(26): 1-7.
6. Patanella AK, Zinno M, Quaranta D, Nociti V, Frisullo G, Gainotti G, et al. Correlations between peripheral blood
mononuclear cell production of BDNF, TNF alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and cognitive performances in multiple sclerosis patients.
J Neurosci Res. 2010; 88(5): 1106-12.
7. Asad MR, Hedayatnejad S, Barzegari A, gholizadeh ahangari M. Investigating the protective effect of an interval training
on neutrophilic factors of BDNF and CDNF in rats fed with high-fat foods. SJKU. 2020; 25(1):1 -11.
8. Loyd C, Magrisso IJ, Haas M, Balusu S, Krishna R, Itoh N, et al. Fibroblast growth factor 21 is required for beneficial
effects of exercise during chronic high-fat feeding. J Appl Physiol. 2016; 121(3):687-98.
9. Guilherme A, Virbasius JV, Puri V, Czech MP. Adipocyte dysfunctions linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2
diabetes. Nat Rev Mol Cell biol. 2008; 9(5): 367-77.
10. Malone JI, Malone MA, Morrison AD. Diabetic cardiovascular risk and carnitine deficiency. JDM. 2014; 4(3): 202-8.
11. Nikseresht M. Interleukin-6 and insulin resistance response to exercise training and detraining in young obese men: A
randomized clinical trial. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2016; 18(2): 89-99. [In Persian]
12. Hosseini M, Hosseini M. The synergistic effect of eight weeks high-intensity interval training and resveratrol
consumption on IL-10 and TNF-α in diabetic male rats. IJDM. 2020; 19(3): 134-42. [In Persian]
13. Sedaghat M, Choobineh S. Ravasi AA. Taurine with combined aerobic and resistance exercise training alleviates
myocardium apoptosis in STZ-induced diabetes rats via Akt signaling pathway. Life Sci. 2020; 258:118225.
14. Sadighi Ag, Abdi A, Azarbayjani MA, Barari AR. Response of some apoptotic indices to six weeks of aerobic training in
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MLJ. 2021; 15(1): 33-9.
15. Biglari S, Gaeini AA, Kordi MR, Ghardashi Afousi AR. The effect of 8 weeks high-intensity interval training on
myostatin and follistatin gene expression in gastrocnemius muscle of the rats. AMUJ. 2018; 21(130): 1-10. [In Persian]
16. Lu K, Wang L, Wang C, Yang Y, Hu D, Ding R. Effects of high-intensity interval versus continuous moderate‑intensity
aerobic exercise on apoptosis, oxidative stress and metabolism of the infarcted myocardium in a rat model. Mol Med Rep.
2015; 12(2):2374-82.
17. Babaei P, Pourrahim Ghouroghchi A, Damirchi A, Soltani Tehrani B. The interactive effect of aerobic-resistance training
and estrogen therapy on metabolic syndrome indices and omentin-1. Physiol Pharamcol. 2015; 19(3): 200-7.
18. Abiri B, Vafa MR. Effects of vitamin D and/or magnesium supplementation on mood, serum levels of BDNF,
inflammatory biomarkers, and SIRT1 in obese women: a study protocol for a double-blind, randomized,
placebocontrolled trial. BMC. 2020; 21(1):225.
19. Taheri A, Rohani H, Habibi A. The effect of endurance exercise training on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic
factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) genes of the cerebellum in diabetic rat. IJDO. 2019; 11(4): 233-40.
20. Rahmati-Ahmadabad S, Azarbayjani MA, Nasehi M. The effects of high-intensity interval training with supplementation
of flaxseed oil on BDNF mRNA expression and pain feeling in male rats. AASS. 2017; 5(4): 10-12.
21. Lee HW, Ahmad M, Weldrick JJ, Wang HW, Burgon PG, Leenen FH. Effects of exercise training and TrkB blockade on
cardiac function and BDNFTrkB signaling post myocardial infarction in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circul Physiol. 2018;
315(6): 1821-34.
22. Vasadi E, Barzegar H, Borjian Fard M. The effect of 8 weeks of endurance sports activity and consumption of high-fat
food on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the hippocampus of adult male rats. J Arak Uni Med Sci. 2013; 16
(10): 84-92. [In Persian]
23. Sleiman SF, Henry J, Al-Haddad R, Hayek LE, Haidar EA, Stringer T, et al. Exercise promotes the expression of brain
derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through the action of the ketone body b-hydroxybutyrate. ELife.2016;5(15092):1-21.
24. Murawska-Ciałowicz E, Assis G, Manuel Clemente F, Feito Y, Stastny P, Zuwała-Jagiełło J, et al. Effect of four different
forms of high intensity training on BDNF response to Wingate and graded exercise test. Sci Rep. 2021; 11(8599): 1-15.
25. Bahmania E, Hoseinib R, Amiric E. Home-based aerobic training and vitamin D improve neurotrophins and
inflammatory biomarkers in MS patients. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022; 60: 103693.
26. Hosseinpour Delavar S, Soleymani khezerabad A, Boyerahmadi A, Ghalavand A. Effect of eight weeks of aerobic
interval training and nettle supplement on some inflammatory indicators and glycemic control in men with Type 2
diabetes. Jundishapur Sci Med J. 2020; 19(2):23-135. [In Persian]
27. Mahmodi Kh, Monikh Kh, Yazdani F. Effect of Quercetin supplementation on CRP and IL-6 after acute exhaustive
resistance training in young men. J Animal Physiol Develop. 2018; 44(12): 47-57. [In Persian]
28. Heidarianpour A, Keshvari M. Effects of Three types of exercise aerobic, resistance and concurrent on plasma CRP
concentration in type II diabetes patients. J Sabzevar Uni Med Sci. 23(6): 916-25. [In Persian]
29. Maleki V, Mahdavi R, Hajizadeh‑Sharafabad F, Alizadeh M. The effects of taurine supplementation on oxidative stress
indices and inflammation biomarkers in patients with type 2diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
trial. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2020; 12(9): 1-9.
30. Molanouri Shamsi M, Mahdavi M. The effect of resistance training on expression of interleukin6 and RCAN-1 in skeletal
muscle of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. IJDM. 2016; 15(5): 283-91. [In Persian]

  • Receive Date 03 January 2023
  • Revise Date 20 February 2023
  • Accept Date 25 February 2023