Journal of Sports and Biomotor Sciences

Journal of Sports and Biomotor Sciences

The effect of ten weeks of training in water with an emphasis on central stability exercises, on balance and some selected movement functions of women volleyball players with chronic ankle sprain

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, School of Literature and Humanities, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
2 Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
Abstract
Introduction and purpose: Ankle sprain is a common injury in volleyball. This research aimed to investigate the effect of ten weeks of water training with emphasis on central stability exercises on balance, movement and physical performance of volleyball players with chronic ankle sprains.
Materials and methods: 60 people with ankle sprains participated in this research using the available sampling, divided into two experimental groups (30 people) and control (30 people). The subjects of the experimental group did four sessions of 60 minutes each week for ten weeks, while the control group did not experience any effective physical activity during this period. To evaluate the balance using the Biodex balance machine and to evaluate the physical performance from the aerobic performance test (stair test), agility performance test (time of the two-by-nine test), muscular endurance performance test (score of the sit-up test), Sargent's vertical jump and the three-minute staircase test was used and the pain level of the participants was measured based on the visual index of pain measurement. The data was analyzed using covariance analysis at the 0.05 level.
Results: In this study, a significant difference was found in the balance scores, pain level and some physical fitness factors of the experimental group compared to the pre- training period (P<0.05), while no significant change was observed in the control group (P≥0.05)). In comparison with the control group, the balance scores of the experimental group showed a significant increase after ten weeks of therapeutic exercise in water.
Discussion and conclusion: It seems that stabilizing exercises in water improves physical performance and reduces the severity of people with ankle sprains.
Keywords

Orchard JW, Powel, JW. Risk of knee and ankle sprains under various weather conditions in American football. Med Sci
Sports Exerc. 2003; 35: 1118-23.
2. Brown C, Mynark R. Balance deficits in recreational athletes with chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2007; 42(3):
367-73.
3. Hubbard TJ, Hicks Little CA. Ankle ligament healing after an acute ankle sprain: an evidence-based approach. J Athl
Train. 2008; 43: 523-29.
4. Gribble P, Hertel J. Consideration for the normalizing measure of the star excursion balance test. MPEES. 2003; 7: 89-100.
5. Richie DH. Functional instability of the ankle and the role of neuromuscular control: a comprehensive review. J Foot
Ankle Surg. 2001; 40(4): 240-51.
6. Verhangen E, Bobert M. The effect of a balance training programmed on centre of pressure excursion in one-leg
stance.Clin Biomech. 2005; 20(10): 1094-100.
7. Kofotolis N, Kellis E. Ankle sprain injures: a 2-year propective cohort study in female Greek professional basketball
players. J Athl Train. 2007; 42: 388-94.
8. Jacobs CA, Mattacola CG. Hip abductor function and lower extremity landing kinematics: sex differences. J Athl Train
.2007; 42: 76-83.
9. McKeon PO. Balance training improves function and postural control in those with chronic ankle instability. Med Sci
Sport Exer, 2008; 40(10): 1810-19.
10. Willson JD, Dougherty CP, Ireland ML, Davis IM. Core stability and its relationship to lower extremity function and
injury. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2005; 13: 316-25.
11. Kimberly M. The effects of a five-week core stabilization-training program on dynamic balance in tennis athletes. Master
of Science Thesis. Morgantown WV: West Virginia University. 2005: 20-30.
12. Sheri A, Hale. The effect of 4week comprehensive rehabilitation program on postural control and lower extremity
function in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Spo Phys Ther. 2007; 37(6): 303-11.
13. Hosseini S, Hashemi M, Rostamkhani H. The effect of a period of central stabilization training and strength training on
some factors of physical fitness in elderly men. J Sports Sci. 1390: 3(8). [In Persian]
14. Sadeghi, H, Hamdaleh H, Rostam Khani, H, Bashiri, M. The effect of six weeks of strength, plyometric and combined
training on the dynamic balance of male student athletes. J Sports Sci. 1388; 22: 111-23. [In Persian]
15. Bello AI. Hydrotherapy versus land-based exercises in the management of chronic low back pain: a comparative study. J
Musculoskelet Res. 2010; 13(4): 159-65.
16. Resende SM, Rassi CM, Viana FP. Effect of hydrotherapy in balance and prevention of falls among elderly women. J
Rev Bra’s fisioter. 2008; 12(1): 57-63.
17. Prentice WE. Rehabilitation techniques of sports medicine and athletic training with laboratory manual.4th ed.
Philadelphia, PA; MCGRAW-Bill Education. 2005.
18. Sefton JoEllen M, Ceren Y, Charlie A, Hicks L, Jack W, Berry P and et al. Six weeks of balance training improves
sensorimotor function in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2011; 41: 81-9.
19. Waller B, Lambeck J, Daly D. Therapeutic aquatic exercise in the treatment of low back pain: a systematic review. Clin
Rehabil. 2009; 23(1): 3-14.
20. Hernandez-Reif M, Diego M, Field T. Preterm infants show reduced stress behaviors and activity after 5 days of massage
therapy. Infant Behav Dev. 2007; 30(4): 557-61.
21. Ruhe A, Fejer R, Walker B. Center of pressure excursion as a measure of balance performance in patients with non-
specific low back pain compared to healthy controls: a systematic review of the literature. Eur Spine J.2011;20(3):358-68.
22. Barati S, Khayambashi Kh, Rahnama A, Naderi M. Effect of a selected core stabilization training program on
pain and function of the females with knee osteoarthritis. JRRS. 2012; 8(1): 1-9.
23. Cuesta-Vargas AI, Heywood S. Aerobic fitness testing in chronic nonspecific low back pain: a comparison of deep-water
running with cycle ergometry. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2011; 90(12): 1030-35.
24. Gribble P, Hertel J, Denegar C, Buckley W. The effects of fatigue and chronic ankle instability on dynamic postural
control. J Athl Train. 2004; 39(4): 321-29.
25. Karimi A, Saeidi M. A review of relationship between fear avoidance beliefs and postural stability in nonspecific chronic
low back pain. J Spine. 2013; 2: 139.
26. Roth A, Miller MG, Ricard MD, Ritenour D, Chapman BL. Comparisons of static and dynamic balance following
training in aquatic and land environments. J Sport Rehabitationl. 2006; 15(4): 299-311.
Journal of Sport in Biomotor Sciences, Volume 27, Number 1, 2022
Volume 14, Issue 27 - Serial Number 27
September 2022
Pages 64-71

  • Receive Date 20 September 2022
  • Accept Date 24 October 2022