Purpose: Today, cold Water Immersion has developed among athletes for recovery speed, of course this method decreased body temperature and so HSP < sub>70 response to exercise is limited. Thus this study will determine the effect of Water Immersion during resistance exercise on plasma content of heat shock protein 70 (eHSP < sub>70) after 8-weeks resistance training in male rats.

Methods: In all, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats (8-weeks) were assigned randomly to 1- control (CON; n=8, 228.5±8.19), 2- resistance exercise (RT; n=8, 217.26±6.5), 3- Resistance exercise+ Moderate Water Immersion (RT+MWI; n=8, 225.12±5.55) and 4- Resistance exercise+ Cold Water Immersion (RT+CWI; n=8, 226.45±­9.5) groups. The resistance training consisted of climbing (5 reps/3 sets) a ladder (120 cm) carrying load (equal to a percent of body weight) suspended from the tail. At rest interval between sets and at last set (2 minute immersion+ 2 minute Rest), rats in 3 and 4 groups, immersed within container consisted water with 27˚C and 14˚C respectively. This process repeated 3-times a day during 8 weeks. Immediately after euthanasia (24 h after final training session) blood (1.5 cc) was collected via tail vein and plasma samples were separated after allowing blood to clot on ice. Plasma was stored frozen at -80°C for analysis. The data was analyzed with One-Way ANOWA method at 0.05 level of significance and plasma eHSP < sub>70 levels evaluated with ELISA method.

Results: Results showed that eHSP < sub>70 level decreased in experimental groups rather than Control, although in RT group (P≤0.006) and RT+CWI group (P≤0.013) was significantly.

Conclusion: Based on findings of the present study, MWI (27 °C) during resistance exercise or sbusequently, impeded eHSP70 decremental content. If the findings of this study could be generalized to future studies on human participants, MWI (27 °C) could be suggested for athletes in fields such a wrestling and weightlifting (with strength quality and a need to increase muscular protein content).